Philosophy of linguistics and its nature.

Әл-Фараби атындағы ҚазҰУ

Филология және әлем тілдері факультетінің 1-курс магистранты Жолаушыбай Әсел

Жетекшісі - ф.ғ.к., әл-Фараби атындағы ҚазҰУ доценті Жанатаев Д.Ж.

Philosophy of linguistics, as a unified and integral system of scientific knowledge, is a set of doctrines of language, emerging and existing in both natural sciences and humanities. In the doctrines of language formed in the natural sciences, language is understood as an anatomical (physiological, biological) organ of man. Biological, physiological, medical and other natural sciences widely use empirical data of these sciences themselves in the process of its study, and on their basis trace causal and functional connections of language with the brain, the human nervous system and many other physiological organs. During the description of these and many other phenomena of reality is used such a system of concepts, which includes the categories of "language", "language reality" and "language activity".

In the philosophy of linguistics there is a unification of the conceptual and categorical system of natural sciences and humanities. The connection of two conceptual and categorical systems into some integrity (on the basis of the association of different doctrines of language) leads to the conclusion that the philosophy of linguistics can exist and exists as an integral theoretical construction. Any theoretical construction is formed not only on the basis of its own conceptual and categorical system, but also on the basis of the fundamental and system-forming category.

Consequently, to create a philosophy of linguistics as an integral system of philosophical knowledge about language, in which the notion of "language" would act as a fundamental, system-forming category, it is necessary to combine the conceptual and categorical system functioning both in natural sciences and in the humanities. As it is known, within natural sciences and humanities, different conceptualizations of language are formed, each of which corresponds to a certain and quite specific conceptual and categorical system. These theoretical systems also have their corresponding underlying concepts.

The philosophy of linguistics, in which the notion of "language" is the fundamental category, combines the conceptual and categorical systems functioning in the doctrines of language in both natural sciences and humanities. The fundamental concept of the philosophy of linguistics also acts as its system-forming category, which is developed and functions within the unified conceptual and terminological apparatus. Therefore, all doctrines of language and their conceptual and categorical apparatus are "tied" together in the framework of the philosophy of linguistics. Moreover, the development of the fundamental category of the philosophy of linguistics implies the integration into some integrity of the factual material about language, available both in natural sciences and in the humanities. Without this kind of unity, there is no synthesis of these very doctrines and no systematic category of the philosophy of linguistics itself.

It is known that linguistics is the doctrine of language. Philosophy as a method serves as the theoretical basis of any doctrine, including the doctrine of language. This circumstance allows us to combine philosophy and linguistics into a certain integrity, which will act as the philosophy of linguistics. But language itself is neither a doctrine, nor a science, nor a theory, nor an element of them.